Radiator for motor-driven vehicles



C. F. SPERY.

RADIATOR FOR MOTOR DRIVEN VEHICLES.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 28. I9I9.

Patented Sept. 28, 1920.

2 SHEETS--SHEET I.

34 20 i 37 2,4-4 34 20 T 4224 21 I 34 9+ 25',

WITNESS:

IN VEN TOR ATTORNEYS.

C. F. SPERY.

RADIATOR FOR MOTOR DRIVEN VEHICLES. APPLICATION FILED JUNE 28. 1919.

1,354,351. Patented Sept. 28, 1920.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

FIG. 10.

42 FIG. 2] 20 20., .h FIGJZ. 36 32 WITNESS: E

INV EN TOR:

2 I 20 @EEZESFSPERK ATTORNHS.

CHARLES F. SPERY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

RADIATOR FOR MOTOR-DRIVEN VEHICLES.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 28, 1920.

\ Application file-'1 June 28, 1919. Serial No. 307,326.

T all w 720m it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES F. SPERY, a citizen of the United States, and resident of the city of Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Radiators for Motor-Driven Vehicles; and I do hereby declare that the following description of invention, taken in connection with the accompanying sheets of drawings, forms a full, clear, and exact specification, which will enable others skilled in the art to which the said invention appertains to make and use the same.

This invention has general reference to improvements in radiators for internal combustion engines; and it consists, essentially,

.in the novel and peculiar combination of parts, and details of construction, as hereinafter first fully set forth and described, and then pointed out in the claims.

The object of this invention is the production of an efficient and serviceable radiator of the square cellular type, in which a socalled spacer or filler of peculiar construction is employed to assist in the cooling of the water passing through the radiator. In radiators of the above-mentioned type, considerable trouble is experienced in placing the spacers between the water tubes, and to keep them in perfectly assembled condition until they are permanently secured to these tubes by the dip-soldering process; and it is one of the objects of this invention to overcome this objectionable feature. Other obj ects of this invention will be hereinafter referred to.

In the drawings forming a part of this specification, and illustrating the preferred embodiment of my invention, as well as several modifications thereof,

Figure 1 is a front elevation of a portion of a radiator core, constructed in accord with my invention, the filler strip or spacer between adjacent water tubes being omitted at the left hand portion of this figure. Fig.2 is a rear elevation of a portion of a formed plate of which the radiator tubes are constructed. Fig. 3 is an end elevation'of a fragment of a water tube. Fig. 4 is a transverse sectional view on line 4-4 of Fig. 2. Fig. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view of a portion of one of the water tubes, the section being taken substantially midway between the transverse edges of the tube; and

Fig. 6 is a transverse sectional view on line 66 of Fig. 3, the Figs. 2 to 6 inclusive beng drawn on a magnified scale, a correct mpression of the actual size of the squares in the core will be obtained by remembering that they are approximately *3 of an inch. Fig. 7 is an elevation of a portion of the spacer detached. Fig. 8 is an end elevation of the same. Fig. 9 is a sectional view on line 9-9 of Figs. 7 and 8. Fig. 10 is a plan view of a portion of a spacer illustrating the blank thereof after the first operation of p-roduclng the same has been performed thereon. Fig. 11 is a similar view of this spacer showing its condition after the second operation performed thereon has been completed. Fig. 12 is a very much exaggerated view of a portion of the completed spacer, Figs. 10 and 11 also showing modified forms of construction of this spacer. Flg. 13 is a perspective view of a fragment of the spacer shown in Figs. 10 and 11. Fig. 14 is a greatly exaggerated edge view of a portion of a tube-sheet.

Like parts are designated by the same characters and symbols of reference in all the various figures.

The core of this radiator, as illsutrated in Fig. 1, comprises a multiplicity of verticallv disposed, water tubes A, A, A", in spaced relationship, and spacers B, therebetween and occupying the air spaces C in the core. These water tubes are each constructed of two, like plates A, and A", shown in detail in Figs. 2 to 6 inclusive, and placed face to back, as indicated in Figs. 3, 5, and 6. Each plate has its two longitudinal margins crenelated, as it were, by a seriesof projecting marginal portions 12, spaced an equal distance apart and forming one half of a complete square, and leaving between them flat spaces or lands 13. Transversely between the projections 12, and connecting the same by easy curves 14, there are shallow projections 15, while in the lands 13 there are approximately semi-circular indentations or depressions 16, which stop short of the 1011- gitudinal margins of the plates; and in this connection it might be stated that these plates are made from very thin sheet metal, such as copper or brass, usually of #32 or 34 B. & S. gage, so that whatever forms a projection on one side of the plate, affords a depression on the other side thereof, a condlt on which it is well to remember when tions 12 must nest one into the other and that the marginal edges of the portions 12 and the lands 13 come in intlmate contact. This slight tapering of the pro ectlons 12 is barely noticeable in a made-up radiator core,

and does in nowise detract from the appearance of correctly formed square cells.

The spacers B, are likewise formed from a strip or ribbon of very thin sheet metal of a width, when finished, as the wldth of the tube plates and, preferably, of sufiicient length to reach from the top to the bottom of the core. This spacer has equidistant apart, projections 20, which are a counterpart of the projections 12 of the tube sheet; and it is, preferably, produced m the following manner:

A ribbon of the width of the tube sheet plus two longitudinal marginal portions 21, 22, Figs. 10 and 11, is first punched wlth two series ofrows of narrow slots or shts 23, which from center to center transversely, correspond to the tube sheet, and from center to center longitudinally, correspond to the pitch or spacing of the projections 12, after the ribbon has been completely formed. At the same time there are punched into this ribbon a series of apertures 24, preferably rectangular in contour, as illustrated in Fig. 7, or a series of rows of apertures 24*, as shown in Figs. 10 and 13, the object of which will hereinafter appear.

From the longitudinal edges of the spacer strip extend approximately semicircular depressions 25, which when seen from the face of the strip appear as projections 25, shown largely magnified in Fig. 12. This ribbon is then bent and rebent, as shown in Fig. 8, to

produce on the longitudinal marginal edges j the crenelated configuration the same as that of the tube sheet. This bending and re-' bending is performed on the spacer ribbon, as follows:

The strip is first bent at right angles along the dotted line 27 in Fig. 10, and then again'bent at right angles along the dotted line 28. The portion of this ribbon lying transversely between lines 27 and 28, will then form the sides 35, Fig. 12, of the projections 20. The ribbon is now again bent and rebent at right angles along the dotted lines 29, 30, so that the portion between these lines 28 and 29 forms the top, 36, and the portion between lines 29 and 30 forms the second side 37, of said projection 20, and this bending and rebending is continued as often as there are projections 12 in the tube sheet. This bending being completed, the spacer ribbon is then doubled upon itself along the two longitudinal marginal dotted lines 31, so that, as seen in Figs. 8 and 12, the longitudinal edges of the spacer are now regular squares 32, connected by bars 33, Fig. 1, formed by the lands 34 Fig. 10. This spacer is now inserted between adjacent water tubes in such manner that the top members 36 of the spacer contact with the top surfaces of the projections 12 of the tube sheets and the members .34 form the vertical bars 33, whereby the depressions 25 in the spacer engage the corresponding projections 16 formed by the depressions in the tube sheet. In this-manner the filler or spacer is positively located in proper position and thereby the apparently accurate rectangular contour of the core attained. At the same time the portions35 and 37of the spacer form continuations of the said walls 17, 18, of the projections 12 of the tube sheets and as such, act as braces to the tube sheets and prevent them from bulging by the pressure of the water in the tubes, and from malformation b compression of the assembled core when placed into a clamping frame preparatory to dipping in molten solder.

While I prefer the spacer shown in Figs. 7 and 8 for the reason that the openings 24 therein lighten the structure where lightness is a desideratum, for a slightly stronger, and somewhat heavier construction I employ spacers having the series of rows of holes 24*, illustrated in Figs. 10 and 13, and when a very substantial construction is re quired, I shall dispense with these openings 24, and 24 and leave the portions 36 without perforations, but form therein substantially semicircular depressions 38, which engage the corresponding projections 16 of the tube sheets. I

In the spacer shown in Figs. 10 and 13, having the rows of openings 24, the bridges or bars 40, therebetween are formed with semicircular depressions 41, substantially the same. as the depressions 25 in the lands 13, and they contact with the semicircular projections 16 of the tube sheet, and thus serve as braces as hereinbefore described, with respect to the cross bars 35.

When a pair of tube sheets are placed face to back, as best shown in Figs. 3 and 5, there is formed between the sheets a vertically disposed water passage D, narrow where the sides 17, 18 are opposite each other, and wider where the projections 16 are in the tube sheets, the water passage being a true through-passage notwithstanding the fact that there are short offsets therein where the take up as much metal from the tube sheet as the projections 12 require. This metal is partly furnished by the shallower projecttions 15, and the remainder is supplied by the semicircular indentations 16: bus these projections 15 serve the double purpose of supplying metal to the marginal projections 12, and at the same time form part of the water passage, while the indentations 16 serve additionally as means for properly locating the spacers B in the air spaces C.

- It may now be noted that the ends of the depressions 25 in the spacer are well rounded, as at 42 in Figs. 7 and 11, and that the ends of the projections 16 are likewise well rounded, as at 43, Figs. 2, 4, and 5. Thus the latter ends form stops for the spacer so that when placed in position, these stops prevent transverse movement of the spacer, and the projections 16 in the tube sheets, by cooperating with the indentations 25 in the spacers, prevent longitudinal movement of the spacers. And it may be further noted that the longitudinal margins of the bars 33 of the spacers are formed of two thicknesses of the metal of which the spacer is constructed, while at the longitudinal margins of the water tubes, when the core has been assembled, there are three thicknesses of the metal in contact, viz., the two longitudinal margins of the tube sheets, and one of the doubled-up longitudinal marginal edges of the spacer, thereby forming a most substantial structure which will withstand the severe jolts and jars of a motor vehicle in which the radiator is installed, without starting leaks as frequently happens in radiators of different construction.

The statement has been hereinbefore made that the indentations 16 are formed in the lands 13 of the tube sheet, which is only figuratively true, the fact being that in these lands there are first formed shallow panels 50, best seen in Fig. 14, and that these depressions 16 are formed in these panels 50, otherwise the tube plates when assembled would touch atthe points 17, 17, and 18, 1.8, Fig. 5, and there would be no water passage in the tubes. The width of these water passages at the points mentioned isjust double the depth of the panels 50 and ample to permit water to freely pass through the tubes.

I have hereinbefore described with considerable minuteness the projections 12 on the tube sheet becomes a very difficult mat portions, the vertical walls ment of my invention as well as several mod1fications thereof, but I .desire it to be understood that I am aware that further changes may be made in the-details ofconstructlon disclosed, and parts omitted without departing from the scope of my invention as defined in the appended claims.

Hav1-ng thus fully described this inventlon, I claim as new and desire to secure to myself by Letters Patent of the United States- 1. In a radiator for motor driven vehicles, a core, sa1d core comprising a multiplicity of vertically disposed, spaced apart, water tubes, and a spacer between adjacent water tubes, said water tubes consisting each of a palr of plates placed face to back, there 'belng on the longitudinal margins of each plate a multipliclty of projections each of which aflords one half of a square, there bemg transversely between these projections shallow, flat, projections of the same width as the marglnal projections, said shallow proections terminatlng in the marginal projections by an easy sweep, said marginal stricted and then enlarged through passage.

2. In a radiator core of square cellular construction, a multiplicity of water tubes in spaced apart relationshlp, the longitudinal marglns of which are crenelated, and a spacer between adjacent water tubes, said spacer being a metallic ribbon bent -and rebent to crcnelated form to correspond with the crenelations of the water tubes, said ribbon being wider than the width of the water tubes to afford longitudinal marginal portions thereon, said ribbon bein doubled upon itself at said longitudinal margins to afford on saidspacer a series of longitudinal bars alternating with square of said square portions contacting with the verticalwalls of the water tubes.

3. In a radiator for automobiles, a core composed of strips of thin sheet-metal extending from the top to the bottom thereof certain of the strips bent to form alternate grooves and ridges having side walls substantially one-half the width of the bottoms and tops of the grooves and ridges and extending substantially at right angles thereto, two portions of such strips being adapted to nest together to form a continuous vertical preferred embodi- I 4. In a radiator core of the kind described, alternate water and air sections formed of strips of thin sheet-metal, each water section composed of two similar zigzagged walls formed with alternating transverse substantially square cornered grooves and ridges, the side walls of which are substantially one-half the width of the bottoms and tops of the grooves and ridges, the air sections composed of a similar zig-zagged strip of sheet-metal of greater transverse width than the water sections to provide edge sections to be folded along the edges of the strip to overlap upon the body portion thereof and to provide a spacer adapted to cooperate with the water sections to pro vide a plurality of air passages between adjacent water sections divided vertically into single air passages of substantially square cross section between opposed ridges 0 adjacent water sections and alternating with two air pasages each of substantially square cross section between opposed grooves in adjacent water sections.

5. In an automobile radiator of the kind described, water passages extending vertically and made up of thin strips of sheet-metal formed into alternate channels and ridges having substantially fiat walls, the side walls air passage for placement between opposed ridges of adjacent water sections and to provide a centrally disposed vertical wall for placement centrally between opposed grooves of adjacent water sections to provide in combination with the opposed grooves of adjacent water sections two substantially square air passages alternating vertically with the single air passage between the ridges.

6. In a radiator of the kind described, water sections composed of thin sheet-metal strips bent to form shallow grooves and ridges which are substantially square cornered and whose sides are substantially onehalf the height of the width of the bottoms of the grooves and the tops of the ridges, the bottoms of the grooves pressed outwardly into rounded elongated projections, spacers arranged between adjacent vertically extending water sections, the spacers formed of thin sheet-metal bent similarly to the walls of the water sections and provided with transversely extending openings between its marginal portions for receiving said projections on the water sections for holding the spacers and water sections in proper registry.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as invention, I. have hereunto set my CHARLES F. SPERY.- 

